Toner properties

-Rheology and viscoelastic properties of toner melt.

-Thermal conductivity.

-Mechanical properties of fused toner.

-Toner particle size/pigment partial size.

-Pigment wax and CCA type.

-Toner layer thickness/transferred mass per area.

-RH dependence.

Fuser properties

-Fuser type (soft roll/hard roll).

-Fuser material (surface energy).

-Fusing pressure (after exceeding requirement for conformability).

-Dwell Time (fusing speed).

-Fuser temperature.

-Paper/toner interface temparature.

-Amount and type of release oil.

Paper Properties

-Toner/paper adhesion.

-Surface energy of paper.

-Paper chemistry-surface sizing, fillers, coating, etc.

-Paper roughness.

-Paper side.

-Paper integrity on bending.

-RH dependence.